一帶一路將帶來什麼影響
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The Belt and Road B&R
一帶一路（英文：the Belt and Road，縮寫B&R，國際民間代號1216），
"One Belt and One Road" refers to the "Silk Road Economic Belt" and the "21st Century Maritime Silk Road" ）
是指“絲綢之路經濟帶”和“21世紀海上絲綢之路”，“一帶一路”不是一個實體和機制，而是合作發展的理念和倡議，是充分依靠中國與有關國家既有的雙多邊機制，借助既有的、行之有效的區域合作平臺，旨在借用古代“絲綢之路”的歷史符號，高舉和平發展的旗幟，積極主動地發展與沿線國家的經濟合作夥伴關係，共同打造政治互信、經濟融合、文化包容的利益共同體、命運共同體和責任共同體。
2014年博鼇亞洲論壇年會開幕大會上，中華人民共和國國務委員楊潔篪
主題是「亞洲的新未來：尋找和釋放新的發展動力中國全面闡述了亞洲合作政策，並特別強調要推進“一帶一路”的建設。“一帶一路”規劃，被認為是“中國版馬歇爾計畫”的戰略載體。第71屆聯合國大會決議歡迎“一帶一路”等經濟合作倡議，敦促各方通過“一帶一路”倡議，呼籲國際社會為“一帶一路”倡議建設提供安全保障環境
。2016年12月16日（“一帶一路”國際日），全球留學生志願者舉行慶祝活動，聯合國總部降旗以示歡迎。
思想背景
當今世界正發生複雜深刻的變化，國際金融危機深層次影響繼續顯現，世界經濟緩慢複蘇、發展分化，國際投資貿易格局和多邊投資貿易規則醞釀深刻調整，各國面臨的發展問題依然嚴峻。
在國際世界經濟複蘇乏力，發達經濟體貨幣政策走向分化的背景下。很多國家的經濟可能面臨困境，亟需新的經濟增長點，亟需新的經濟火車頭來帶動世界經濟。中國藉此機會，將有利於幾乎所有國家的中國戰略、政策融入到“一帶一路”和APEC當中，實現共贏。
一帶一路（英文：the Belt and Road，縮寫B&R，國際民間代號1216），
"One Belt and One Road" refers to the "Silk Road Economic Belt" and the "21st Century Maritime Silk Road" ）
是指“絲綢之路經濟帶”和“21世紀海上絲綢之路”，“一帶一路”不是一個實體和機制，而是合作發展的理念和倡議，是充分依靠中國與有關國家既有的雙多邊機制，借助既有的、行之有效的區域合作平臺，旨在借用古代“絲綢之路”的歷史符號，高舉和平發展的旗幟，積極主動地發展與沿線國家的經濟合作夥伴關係，共同打造政治互信、經濟融合、文化包容的利益共同體、命運共同體和責任共同體。
一帶一路的思想起源
2013年9月7日，習近平主席在哈薩克納紮爾巴耶夫大學發表重要演講，首次提出了加強政策溝通、道路聯通、貿易暢通、貨幣流通、民心相通，共同建設“絲綢之路經濟帶”的戰略倡議；2013年10月3日，習近平主席在印尼國會發表重要演講時明確提出，中國致力於加強同東盟國家的互聯互通建設，願同東盟國家發展好海洋合作夥伴關係，共同建設“21世紀海上絲綢之路”
主題是「亞洲的新未來：尋找和釋放新的發展動力中國全面闡述了亞洲合作政策，並特別強調要推進“一帶一路”的建設。“一帶一路”規劃，被認為是“中國版馬歇爾計畫”的戰略載體。第71屆聯合國大會決議歡迎“一帶一路”等經濟合作倡議，敦促各方通過“一帶一路”倡議，呼籲國際社會為“一帶一路”倡議建設提供安全保障環境。2016年12月16日（“一帶一路”國際日），全球留學生志願者舉行慶祝活動，聯合國總部降旗以示歡迎。
思想背景
當今世界正發生複雜深刻的變化，國際金融危機深層次影響繼續顯現，世界經濟緩慢複蘇、發展分化，國際投資貿易格局和多邊投資貿易規則醞釀深刻調整，各國面臨的發展問題依然嚴峻。
在國際世界經濟複蘇乏力，發達經濟體貨幣政策走向分化的背景下。很多國家的經濟可能面臨困境，亟需新的經濟增長點，亟需新的經濟火車頭來帶動世界經濟。中國藉此機會，將有利於幾乎所有國家的中國戰略、政策融入到“一帶一路”和APEC當中，實現共贏。
另一方面也同時解決中國過剩產能在市場、資源的獲取、戰略縱深的開拓和國家安全的強化及貿易主導這幾個重要的戰略問題。
1、中國的過剩產能的市場問題
2、中國的資源獲取問題
3、中國的戰略縱深開拓和國家安全的強化問題
4、區域經濟的貿易主導權
2、中國的資源獲取問題
3、中國的戰略縱深開拓和國家安全的強化問題
4、區域經濟的貿易主導權
5、通路是“一帶”的抓手
如要解決中國的產能過剩，需要通盤考慮，如前所述，“一帶一路”是系統性解決此問題的最好抓手，從現實來說，考慮到西部基礎設施薄弱，為了更好的外聯內呼，打通順暢的交通動脈是第一位的，也符合“一帶一路”的題義，即首先著手的必將是通路、通航。“一帶”主要是從通路著手，通路所推進的地區基礎設施薄弱，提升空間更大，其對接的是西部廣闊的腹地，將在交通設施建設和油氣管道建設上發力。
如要解決中國的產能過剩，需要通盤考慮，如前所述，“一帶一路”是系統性解決此問題的最好抓手，從現實來說，考慮到西部基礎設施薄弱，為了更好的外聯內呼，打通順暢的交通動脈是第一位的，也符合“一帶一路”的題義，即首先著手的必將是通路、通航。“一帶”主要是從通路著手，通路所推進的地區基礎設施薄弱，提升空間更大，其對接的是西部廣闊的腹地，將在交通設施建設和油氣管道建設上發力。
框架思路
“一帶一路”是促進共同發展、實現共同繁榮的合作共贏之路，是增進理解信任、加強全方位交流的和平友誼之路。中國政府倡議，秉持和平合作、開放包容、互學互鑒、互利共贏的理念，全方位推進務實合作，打造政治互信、經濟融合、文化包容的利益共同體、命運共同體和責任共同體。
“一帶一路”貫穿亞歐非大陸，一頭是活躍的東亞經濟圈，一頭是發達的歐洲經濟圈，中間廣大腹地國家經濟發展潛力巨大。絲綢之路經濟帶重點暢通中國經中亞、俄羅斯至歐洲（波羅的海）；中國經中亞、西亞至波斯灣、地中海；中國至東南亞、南亞、印度洋。21世紀海上絲綢之路重點方向是從中國沿海港口過南海到印度洋，延伸至歐洲；從中國沿海港口過南海到南太平洋。
根據“一帶一路”走向，陸上依托國際大通道，以沿線中心城市為支撐，以重點經貿產業園區為合作平臺，共同打造新亞歐大陸橋、中蒙俄、中國－中亞－西亞、中國－中南半島等國際經濟合作走廊；海上以重點港口為節點，共同建設通暢安全高效的運輸大通道。中巴、孟中印緬兩個經濟走廊與推進“一帶一路”建設關聯緊密，要進一步推動合作，取得更大進展。
“一帶一路”建設是沿線各國開放合作的巨集大經濟願景，需各國攜手努力，朝著互利互惠、共同安全的目標相向而行。努力實現區域基礎設施更加完善，安全高效的陸海空通道網路基本形成，互聯互通達到新水平；投資貿易便利化水平進一步提升，高標準自由貿易區網路基本形成，經濟聯繫更加緊密，政治互信更加深入；人文交流更加廣泛深入，不同文明互鑒共榮，各國人民相知相交、和平友好。
絲綢之路的復興-博鼇亞洲論壇2014年年會
自信互信，共襄盛舉
——在博鼇亞洲論壇2014年年會“絲綢之路的復興：對話亞洲領導人”分論壇上的演講
（2014年4月10日 海南博鼇）
中華人民共和國國務委員楊潔篪
Jointly Undertake the Great Initiatives With Confidence and Mutual Trust
Speech by H.E. Yang Jiechi
State Councilor of the People's Republic of China
At the Session of "Reviving the Silk Road: A Dialogue with Asian Leaders" at the Boao Forum for Asia Annual Conference 2014
Boao, Hainan, 10 April 2014
各位貴賓，媒體朋友們，女士們、先生們：
很高興參加今年的博鼇亞洲論壇年會。在中外同事和各界人士的共同努力下，論壇正成為亞洲乃至全球最具影響力的高端論壇之一。這種影響力不僅基於高水準的參與者和組織者，也源於論壇對時代潮流和前沿課題的準確把握，包括舉辦這次絲綢之路分論壇。我謹借此機會感謝在座的各國領導人和各界朋友出席本次分論壇，共商絲綢之路建設。
Distinguished Chinese and Foreign Guests,Friends from the Press,
Ladies and Gentlemen, It gives me great pleasure to attend the Boao Forum for Asia Annual Conference. Thanks to the concerted efforts of colleagues and people from various sectors in China and other countries, the Forum is becoming one of the most influential high-end fora in Asia and beyond. Its influence stems not just from its high-caliber participants and organizers but also its acute antenna for the current trend and frontier topics of discussion, including the discussion we are having today on the Silk Road. I would like to take this opportunity to express my thanks to you, leaders from various countries and friends from all sectors, for joining our discussions on the building of the Silk Road.
去年秋天，習近平主席在訪問中亞和東南亞國家時，分別提出建設絲綢之路經濟帶和21世紀海上絲綢之路兩大倡議，合稱為“一帶一路”，得到國際社會高度關注和有關國家積極回應。今天上午，李克強總理在演講中全面闡述中國的亞洲合作政策，特別表示要推進“一帶一路”建設。我們此時的研討具有重要意義。
The two initiatives of building a Silk Road economic belt and a 21st-century maritime Silk Road, known for short as the Belt and the Road, were put forth by President Xi Jinping during his two separate visits to Central Asia and Southeast Asia last fall. The initiatives have received positive response from countries concerned and been followed with great interest by the international community. Premier Li Keqiang, in his speech this morning on China's policy toward Asian cooperation, made a special mentioning of the importance of building the Belt and the Road. Our discussion this afternoon is therefore highly relevant.
幾天前，我陪同習近平主席訪問歐洲，感到歐洲各界對“一帶一路”很關注、很熱心。中歐聯合聲明指出，中歐決定共同挖掘絲綢之路經濟帶與歐盟政策的契合點，探討在絲綢之路經濟帶沿線開展合作的共同倡議。習主席在德國杜伊斯堡出席始發於重慶的中歐鐵路班列抵港儀式，氣氛隆重熱烈，在場的每個人都直觀感受到，絲綢之路不再是歷史書上的概念，而是現代物流和中歐合作的新鮮故事，沿路人民得到了實實在在的利益。
When I accompanied President Xi on his visit to Europe a few days ago, I found that people in different sectors across Europe have shown great interest and enthusiasm in the Belt and the Road. German leaders described the Silk Road economic belt as a significant initiative that will benefit Germany, and pledged Germany's full support and active participation. The Joint Statement released by China and the EU stated that the two sides will develop synergies between EU policies and China's "Silk Road Economic Belt" initiative and jointly explore common initiatives along these lines. During his visit to Germany, President Xi Jinping attended a grand welcoming ceremony in Duisburg for a train that arrived from Chongqing along the China-Europe railway. To everyone present there, the Silk Road, once a mere term in the history book, has become a novel story of modern logistics and of China-Europe cooperation delivering real benefits to people along the way.
歐洲對古今絲綢之路的熱情並不偶然，從一個側面反映了世界對亞洲古老文明和當今發展潛力的再認識，反映了經濟全球化和世界多極化背景下東西方交流合作的新趨勢。
Europe's enthusiasm for the Silk Road, both the ancient and the modern, is nothing accidental. It is one reflection of the world's renewed recognition of Asia's time-honored civilizations and its development potential today. It shows a new trend of communication and cooperation between the East and the West amid economic globalization and a move toward multi-polarity.
歐洲是古代絲綢之路的終點，但絲綢原產於中國，絲綢之路的起點在中國，許多重要地域是在亞洲。中國和亞洲各國人民篳路藍縷走出這條路，披星戴月維護這條路，對絲綢之路有著天然的親近感。可以說，絲綢之路是亞洲各國共同歷史與輝煌文明的見證，是亞洲人民歷史文化自豪感的源泉，也是亞洲各國團結合作的旗幟。
Europe was the end of the ancient Silk Road, yet silk originated from China, where the Silk Road started, and many important areas of the Silk Road ran through Asia. The Asian people opened the Silk Road, withstanding great hardships, and preserved it throughout the years. We therefore feel a natural affinity for the Silk Road, which had once witnessed the common history and glory of the Asian civilizations. For the Asian people, the Silk Road provides a source of historical and cultural pride, and stands as a flag of unity and cooperation among Asian countries.
絲綢之路給了亞洲人歷史文化的自信。2000多年前絲綢之路開闢之際，亞洲早已孕育出成熟的文明，生產力、管理水準和開放程度領先世界，很多考古發現和西方學者都證明瞭這一點。佛教、基督教、伊斯蘭教等宗教的發祥地都在亞洲，絲綢、瓷器、漆器、鐵器、馬鞍、源於中國的“四大發明”和源於印度的“阿拉伯數字”，都曾是亞洲的“專利”。通過絲綢之路，亞洲國家敞開胸懷接納外國商人和學子，毫無保留提供最先進的商品和技術。
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The Silk Road has given the people of Asia confidence in their history and culture. As early as over 2,000 years ago, when the Silk Road first began to take shape, Asia already boasted matured civilizations and was leading the world in productivity, managerial expertise and the level of openness. Ample proof of this could be found in archeological discoveries and the study by western scholars. Asia was the cradle of Buddhism, Christianity and Islam. Silk, porcelain, lacquerware, ironware, saddle, the four great inventions of ancient China (papermaking, gunpowder, movable-type printing and compass) and the Arabic numerals of India were all, at one time, the proprietary rights of Asia. It was through the Silk Road that Asian countries embraced foreign merchants and students and shared with them, without reservation, Asia's most advanced commodities and technologies.
近代以來，亞洲國家落後了，飽受列強侵略、殖民之苦，面臨外部強勢文化的衝擊，但亞洲國家珍愛自己的歷史文化，維護自己的價值觀根基。今天亞洲人不會陶醉於過去的光榮歷史，也不會為歷史悲情所累，而是從傳統文化中汲取自強創新的營養，譜寫美好的歷史新篇。
Since modern times, however, Asian countries have been left behind, suffering from the invasion and colonization of foreign powers and the shock of strong cultures from the outside. Nevertheless, Asian countries cherish their own history and culture, and have sought to uphold the roots of their own values. Today, the people of Asia, neither conceited with past glory nor indulged in the memory of old sufferings, have chosen to draw strength from their tradition and culture, be innovative and strive to write a new chapter in Asia's history.
絲綢之路給了亞洲人發展道路的自信。多樣性和多元化是亞洲的特色和優勢，絲綢之路上每一個文明、民族和國家都有自己的社會土壤和發展軌跡，都是平等和獨特的，沒有高低優劣的區別，也沒有強求一致的必要。基於多樣性，商人們才能互通有無，智者們才能交流互鑒，世界也才能豐富多彩。古代的絲綢之路不是一條，而是存在許多路徑的選擇，涵蓋了亞洲和歐洲廣大的地區和國家。這對我們今天思考發展道路問題頗有啟示。
The Silk Road has given the people of Asia confidence in their development paths. Heterogeneity and diversity is the very feature and advantage of Asia. Every civilization, ethnic group and country along the Silk Road has its own social soil and development trajectory and everyone is equal and unique. The difference is never about which is superior and there is no need to force conformity. It is based on heterogeneity that businessmen have been able to trade, wise men communicate and the world be diverse and colorful. Instead of being just one single road, the ancient Silk Road actually provided a choice of several roads, which passed through broad areas and many countries in Asia and Europe. This is quite inspiring as we engage ourselves in discussion on our development paths today.
近現代以來，亞洲的仁人志士苦苦探索國強民富之路，經歷了很多挫折，結論是發展道路必須立足本國國情，可以借鑒外國經驗但絕不能照搬。基於這一認識，依靠自力更生和國際合作，冷戰後的亞洲創造了經濟發展的奇跡，經受了亞洲金融危機和國際金融危機的洗禮。亞洲開發銀行的最新報告預測，45個亞洲發展中經濟體今明兩年的經濟增長將分別達到6.2%和6.4%，高出發達國家平均增長率兩倍以上。這十分不容易，說明亞洲國家堅持走自己的路是對的，這條路有荊棘，但卻是康莊大道。
Since modern times, patriots and righteous people in Asia have explored tirelessly paths to a prosperous and strong nation. After experiencing many setbacks, they have come to the conclusion that to choose a proper development path, one must bear in mind the distinctive national conditions and that one may learn from but should never copy the experience of other countries. It is based on such an understanding that Asia, after the end of the Cold War, created miracles of economic development by working hard on its own and carrying out international cooperation. Asia has stood the test of the Asian financial crisis and the international financial crisis. According to the latest forecast of the Asian Development Bank, 45 developing economies in Asia will achieve a growth rate of 6.2% this year and 6.4% next year, more than twice the average for developed countries. Such result is not easily gained. It shows that Asian countries have done the right thing in sticking to their own paths which, despite thorns on the way, lead to bright prospects.
絲綢之路給了亞洲人包容合作的自信。通過絲綢之路，東西方以和平、平等的方式開展多領域、深層次的交流，亞歐大陸很早就形成了貿易網路，各方都獲益匪淺。古代中國的冶鐵、耕作和水利灌溉技術西傳南輸，大幅提高了周邊國家的生產力。來自南亞的醫學、曆法和雕塑藝術，在中國得到重視和運用。箜篌和馬球是古代中亞遊牧民族的發明，在中國音樂史和體育史上都有一席之地。東帝汶的檀香，泰國的大象，老撾的木雕，俄羅斯的毛皮，歐洲和西亞的琉璃，巴基斯坦、緬甸和斯裡蘭卡的寶石，都深受古代中國人民喜愛。
The Silk Road has given the people of Asia confidence to pursue inclusive cooperation. The Silk Road had enabled the East and the West to thoroughly interact with each other in peace and equality in all possible areas. The network for trade running over the Eurasian continent way back in the early days brought benefits to all sides. The ancient Chinese technologies of iron-smelting, farming and irrigation were brought to neighboring countries to the west and south of China and greatly increased those countries' productivity, while the medicine, calendar and sculpturing art from South Asia were applied and valued in China. The Chinese Harp and Polo, created by ancient nomads in Central Asia, featured proudly in the history of Chinese music and sports. The sandalwood from Timor-Leste, elephant from Thailand, wood sculpture from the Laos, leather and fur from Russia, colored glaze from Europe and west Asia, and gems from Pakistan, Myanmar and Sri Lanka were all highly popular with ancient Chinese.
一些宗教或宗教教派通過陸海絲綢之路傳入中國，與中國的本土宗教相互融合，和諧相處。古代中外的使節、商人和取經求法的智者，得到了絲綢之路沿途民眾的無私幫助，否則他們寸步難行。
Some religions or sections of religion, after being introduced into China via the land and maritime silk roads, integrated with home-grown religions in China and coexisted with them in harmony. For the numerous Chinese and foreign envoys, merchants and the wise questing for scriptures and knowledge, it was the Silk Road, and the people who kindly assisted them along the way, that had made their journeys possible.
今天亞洲國家的交通和物質條件好多了，區域合作也進入新階段，亞洲國家應當弘揚和平友好、開放包容、互利共贏的絲綢之路精神，賦予其新的時代內涵。
Now that conditions for transport and infrastructure are much more improved, countries in Asia may well live up to the Silk Road spirit of peace, friendship, openness, inclusiveness and win-win cooperation, and endeavor to add to it a new dimension by bringing regional cooperation to a new stage.
新的時代內涵，很重要的一點是互信。中國人講“人無信不立”，法國文豪大仲馬講“信任是稀有的珍寶”。古代的人們走絲綢之路，很難獨來獨往，需要結伴而行、相互照應，海上行船更需要同舟共濟、分工協作。今天我們的技術能力突飛猛進，但交通合作仍面臨不少隱性困難，一些亞洲國家之間還存在信任赤字。無論是開展互聯互通還是建設“一帶一路”，都需要就互信問題下更大的功夫。
An important part of this new dimension, as I see it, is mutual trust. The Chinese people believe that "one would achieve nothing without credibility". Alexandre Dumas, the celebrated French writer, noted that "confidence is a rare jewel". In fact, travelers on the ancient Silk Road could hardly make the journey alone. They had to travel in company and look after each other on the way. They even had to work with each other when they sailed in a same boat on the sea. Despite the leapfrog development in science and technology, cooperation in transport today still faces hidden difficulties, and some Asian countries still suffer from a "deficit of trust". I believe as we work to improve connectivity and promote the Belt and Road initiatives, more needs to be done to increase mutual trust.
互信的基礎，是尊重歷史、以史為鑒，是各國都走和平發展道路，是恪守聯合國憲章與和平共處五項原則，是尊重彼此核心利益和重大關切，是以誠相待、互學互助。
What forms the basis of mutual trust is for countries to respect history and draw lessons from it, follow a path of peaceful development, act in the spirit of the UN Charter and the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence, respect each others' core interests and major concerns, treat each other with sincerity and learn from and help each other.
自信互信，共襄盛舉
——在博鼇亞洲論壇2014年年會“絲綢之路的復興：對話亞洲領導人”分論壇上的演講
（2014年4月10日 海南博鼇）
中華人民共和國國務委員楊潔篪
Jointly Undertake the Great Initiatives With Confidence and Mutual Trust
Speech by H.E. Yang Jiechi
State Councilor of the People's Republic of China
At the Session of "Reviving the Silk Road: A Dialogue with Asian Leaders" at the Boao Forum for Asia Annual Conference 2014
Boao, Hainan, 10 April 2014
各位貴賓，媒體朋友們，女士們、先生們：
很高興參加今年的博鼇亞洲論壇年會。在中外同事和各界人士的共同努力下，論壇正成為亞洲乃至全球最具影響力的高端論壇之一。這種影響力不僅基於高水準的參與者和組織者，也源於論壇對時代潮流和前沿課題的準確把握，包括舉辦這次絲綢之路分論壇。我謹借此機會感謝在座的各國領導人和各界朋友出席本次分論壇，共商絲綢之路建設。
Distinguished Chinese and Foreign Guests,Friends from the Press,
Ladies and Gentlemen, It gives me great pleasure to attend the Boao Forum for Asia Annual Conference. Thanks to the concerted efforts of colleagues and people from various sectors in China and other countries, the Forum is becoming one of the most influential high-end fora in Asia and beyond. Its influence stems not just from its high-caliber participants and organizers but also its acute antenna for the current trend and frontier topics of discussion, including the discussion we are having today on the Silk Road. I would like to take this opportunity to express my thanks to you, leaders from various countries and friends from all sectors, for joining our discussions on the building of the Silk Road.
去年秋天，習近平主席在訪問中亞和東南亞國家時，分別提出建設絲綢之路經濟帶和21世紀海上絲綢之路兩大倡議，合稱為“一帶一路”，得到國際社會高度關注和有關國家積極回應。今天上午，李克強總理在演講中全面闡述中國的亞洲合作政策，特別表示要推進“一帶一路”建設。我們此時的研討具有重要意義。
The two initiatives of building a Silk Road economic belt and a 21st-century maritime Silk Road, known for short as the Belt and the Road, were put forth by President Xi Jinping during his two separate visits to Central Asia and Southeast Asia last fall. The initiatives have received positive response from countries concerned and been followed with great interest by the international community. Premier Li Keqiang, in his speech this morning on China's policy toward Asian cooperation, made a special mentioning of the importance of building the Belt and the Road. Our discussion this afternoon is therefore highly relevant.
幾天前，我陪同習近平主席訪問歐洲，感到歐洲各界對“一帶一路”很關注、很熱心。中歐聯合聲明指出，中歐決定共同挖掘絲綢之路經濟帶與歐盟政策的契合點，探討在絲綢之路經濟帶沿線開展合作的共同倡議。習主席在德國杜伊斯堡出席始發於重慶的中歐鐵路班列抵港儀式，氣氛隆重熱烈，在場的每個人都直觀感受到，絲綢之路不再是歷史書上的概念，而是現代物流和中歐合作的新鮮故事，沿路人民得到了實實在在的利益。
When I accompanied President Xi on his visit to Europe a few days ago, I found that people in different sectors across Europe have shown great interest and enthusiasm in the Belt and the Road. German leaders described the Silk Road economic belt as a significant initiative that will benefit Germany, and pledged Germany's full support and active participation. The Joint Statement released by China and the EU stated that the two sides will develop synergies between EU policies and China's "Silk Road Economic Belt" initiative and jointly explore common initiatives along these lines. During his visit to Germany, President Xi Jinping attended a grand welcoming ceremony in Duisburg for a train that arrived from Chongqing along the China-Europe railway. To everyone present there, the Silk Road, once a mere term in the history book, has become a novel story of modern logistics and of China-Europe cooperation delivering real benefits to people along the way.
歐洲對古今絲綢之路的熱情並不偶然，從一個側面反映了世界對亞洲古老文明和當今發展潛力的再認識，反映了經濟全球化和世界多極化背景下東西方交流合作的新趨勢。
Europe's enthusiasm for the Silk Road, both the ancient and the modern, is nothing accidental. It is one reflection of the world's renewed recognition of Asia's time-honored civilizations and its development potential today. It shows a new trend of communication and cooperation between the East and the West amid economic globalization and a move toward multi-polarity.
歐洲是古代絲綢之路的終點，但絲綢原產於中國，絲綢之路的起點在中國，許多重要地域是在亞洲。中國和亞洲各國人民篳路藍縷走出這條路，披星戴月維護這條路，對絲綢之路有著天然的親近感。可以說，絲綢之路是亞洲各國共同歷史與輝煌文明的見證，是亞洲人民歷史文化自豪感的源泉，也是亞洲各國團結合作的旗幟。
Europe was the end of the ancient Silk Road, yet silk originated from China, where the Silk Road started, and many important areas of the Silk Road ran through Asia. The Asian people opened the Silk Road, withstanding great hardships, and preserved it throughout the years. We therefore feel a natural affinity for the Silk Road, which had once witnessed the common history and glory of the Asian civilizations. For the Asian people, the Silk Road provides a source of historical and cultural pride, and stands as a flag of unity and cooperation among Asian countries.
絲綢之路給了亞洲人歷史文化的自信。2000多年前絲綢之路開闢之際，亞洲早已孕育出成熟的文明，生產力、管理水準和開放程度領先世界，很多考古發現和西方學者都證明瞭這一點。佛教、基督教、伊斯蘭教等宗教的發祥地都在亞洲，絲綢、瓷器、漆器、鐵器、馬鞍、源於中國的“四大發明”和源於印度的“阿拉伯數字”，都曾是亞洲的“專利”。通過絲綢之路，亞洲國家敞開胸懷接納外國商人和學子，毫無保留提供最先進的商品和技術。
The Silk Road has given the people of Asia confidence in their history and culture. As early as over 2,000 years ago, when the Silk Road first began to take shape, Asia already boasted matured civilizations and was leading the world in productivity, managerial expertise and the level of openness. Ample proof of this could be found in archeological discoveries and the study by western scholars. Asia was the cradle of Buddhism, Christianity and Islam. Silk, porcelain, lacquerware, ironware, saddle, the four great inventions of ancient China (papermaking, gunpowder, movable-type printing and compass) and the Arabic numerals of India were all, at one time, the proprietary rights of Asia. It was through the Silk Road that Asian countries embraced foreign merchants and students and shared with them, without reservation, Asia's most advanced commodities and technologies.
近代以來，亞洲國家落後了，飽受列強侵略、殖民之苦，面臨外部強勢文化的衝擊，但亞洲國家珍愛自己的歷史文化，維護自己的價值觀根基。今天亞洲人不會陶醉於過去的光榮歷史，也不會為歷史悲情所累，而是從傳統文化中汲取自強創新的營養，譜寫美好的歷史新篇。
Since modern times, however, Asian countries have been left behind, suffering from the invasion and colonization of foreign powers and the shock of strong cultures from the outside. Nevertheless, Asian countries cherish their own history and culture, and have sought to uphold the roots of their own values. Today, the people of Asia, neither conceited with past glory nor indulged in the memory of old sufferings, have chosen to draw strength from their tradition and culture, be innovative and strive to write a new chapter in Asia's history.
絲綢之路給了亞洲人發展道路的自信。多樣性和多元化是亞洲的特色和優勢，絲綢之路上每一個文明、民族和國家都有自己的社會土壤和發展軌跡，都是平等和獨特的，沒有高低優劣的區別，也沒有強求一致的必要。基於多樣性，商人們才能互通有無，智者們才能交流互鑒，世界也才能豐富多彩。古代的絲綢之路不是一條，而是存在許多路徑的選擇，涵蓋了亞洲和歐洲廣大的地區和國家。這對我們今天思考發展道路問題頗有啟示。
The Silk Road has given the people of Asia confidence in their development paths. Heterogeneity and diversity is the very feature and advantage of Asia. Every civilization, ethnic group and country along the Silk Road has its own social soil and development trajectory and everyone is equal and unique. The difference is never about which is superior and there is no need to force conformity. It is based on heterogeneity that businessmen have been able to trade, wise men communicate and the world be diverse and colorful. Instead of being just one single road, the ancient Silk Road actually provided a choice of several roads, which passed through broad areas and many countries in Asia and Europe. This is quite inspiring as we engage ourselves in discussion on our development paths today.
近現代以來，亞洲的仁人志士苦苦探索國強民富之路，經歷了很多挫折，結論是發展道路必須立足本國國情，可以借鑒外國經驗但絕不能照搬。基於這一認識，依靠自力更生和國際合作，冷戰後的亞洲創造了經濟發展的奇跡，經受了亞洲金融危機和國際金融危機的洗禮。亞洲開發銀行的最新報告預測，45個亞洲發展中經濟體今明兩年的經濟增長將分別達到6.2%和6.4%，高出發達國家平均增長率兩倍以上。這十分不容易，說明亞洲國家堅持走自己的路是對的，這條路有荊棘，但卻是康莊大道。
Since modern times, patriots and righteous people in Asia have explored tirelessly paths to a prosperous and strong nation. After experiencing many setbacks, they have come to the conclusion that to choose a proper development path, one must bear in mind the distinctive national conditions and that one may learn from but should never copy the experience of other countries. It is based on such an understanding that Asia, after the end of the Cold War, created miracles of economic development by working hard on its own and carrying out international cooperation. Asia has stood the test of the Asian financial crisis and the international financial crisis. According to the latest forecast of the Asian Development Bank, 45 developing economies in Asia will achieve a growth rate of 6.2% this year and 6.4% next year, more than twice the average for developed countries. Such result is not easily gained. It shows that Asian countries have done the right thing in sticking to their own paths which, despite thorns on the way, lead to bright prospects.
絲綢之路給了亞洲人包容合作的自信。通過絲綢之路，東西方以和平、平等的方式開展多領域、深層次的交流，亞歐大陸很早就形成了貿易網路，各方都獲益匪淺。古代中國的冶鐵、耕作和水利灌溉技術西傳南輸，大幅提高了周邊國家的生產力。來自南亞的醫學、曆法和雕塑藝術，在中國得到重視和運用。箜篌和馬球是古代中亞遊牧民族的發明，在中國音樂史和體育史上都有一席之地。東帝汶的檀香，泰國的大象，老撾的木雕，俄羅斯的毛皮，歐洲和西亞的琉璃，巴基斯坦、緬甸和斯裡蘭卡的寶石，都深受古代中國人民喜愛。
The Silk Road has given the people of Asia confidence to pursue inclusive cooperation. The Silk Road had enabled the East and the West to thoroughly interact with each other in peace and equality in all possible areas. The network for trade running over the Eurasian continent way back in the early days brought benefits to all sides. The ancient Chinese technologies of iron-smelting, farming and irrigation were brought to neighboring countries to the west and south of China and greatly increased those countries' productivity, while the medicine, calendar and sculpturing art from South Asia were applied and valued in China. The Chinese Harp and Polo, created by ancient nomads in Central Asia, featured proudly in the history of Chinese music and sports. The sandalwood from Timor-Leste, elephant from Thailand, wood sculpture from the Laos, leather and fur from Russia, colored glaze from Europe and west Asia, and gems from Pakistan, Myanmar and Sri Lanka were all highly popular with ancient Chinese.
一些宗教或宗教教派通過陸海絲綢之路傳入中國，與中國的本土宗教相互融合，和諧相處。古代中外的使節、商人和取經求法的智者，得到了絲綢之路沿途民眾的無私幫助，否則他們寸步難行。
Some religions or sections of religion, after being introduced into China via the land and maritime silk roads, integrated with home-grown religions in China and coexisted with them in harmony. For the numerous Chinese and foreign envoys, merchants and the wise questing for scriptures and knowledge, it was the Silk Road, and the people who kindly assisted them along the way, that had made their journeys possible.
今天亞洲國家的交通和物質條件好多了，區域合作也進入新階段，亞洲國家應當弘揚和平友好、開放包容、互利共贏的絲綢之路精神，賦予其新的時代內涵。
Now that conditions for transport and infrastructure are much more improved, countries in Asia may well live up to the Silk Road spirit of peace, friendship, openness, inclusiveness and win-win cooperation, and endeavor to add to it a new dimension by bringing regional cooperation to a new stage.
新的時代內涵，很重要的一點是互信。中國人講“人無信不立”，法國文豪大仲馬講“信任是稀有的珍寶”。古代的人們走絲綢之路，很難獨來獨往，需要結伴而行、相互照應，海上行船更需要同舟共濟、分工協作。今天我們的技術能力突飛猛進，但交通合作仍面臨不少隱性困難，一些亞洲國家之間還存在信任赤字。無論是開展互聯互通還是建設“一帶一路”，都需要就互信問題下更大的功夫。
An important part of this new dimension, as I see it, is mutual trust. The Chinese people believe that "one would achieve nothing without credibility". Alexandre Dumas, the celebrated French writer, noted that "confidence is a rare jewel". In fact, travelers on the ancient Silk Road could hardly make the journey alone. They had to travel in company and look after each other on the way. They even had to work with each other when they sailed in a same boat on the sea. Despite the leapfrog development in science and technology, cooperation in transport today still faces hidden difficulties, and some Asian countries still suffer from a "deficit of trust". I believe as we work to improve connectivity and promote the Belt and Road initiatives, more needs to be done to increase mutual trust.
互信的基礎，是尊重歷史、以史為鑒，是各國都走和平發展道路，是恪守聯合國憲章與和平共處五項原則，是尊重彼此核心利益和重大關切，是以誠相待、互學互助。
What forms the basis of mutual trust is for countries to respect history and draw lessons from it, follow a path of peaceful development, act in the spirit of the UN Charter and the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence, respect each others' core interests and major concerns, treat each other with sincerity and learn from and help each other.
合作機制
積極利用現有雙多邊合作機制，推動“一帶一路”建設，促進區域合作蓬勃發， 加強雙邊合作，開展多層次、多渠道溝通磋商，推動雙邊關係全面發展。推動簽署合作備忘錄或合作規劃，建設一批雙邊合作示範。建立完善雙邊聯合工作機制，研究推進“一帶一路”建設的實施方案、行動路線圖。充分發揮現有聯委會、混委會、協委會、指導委員會、管理委員會等雙邊機製作用，協調推動合作項目實施。
強化多邊合作機製作用，發揮上海合作組織（SCO）、中國－東盟“10+1”、亞太經合組織（APEC）、亞歐會議（ASEM）、亞洲合作對話（ACD）、亞信會議（CICA）、中阿合作論壇、中國－海合會戰略對話、大湄公河次區域（GMS）經濟合作、中亞區域經濟合作（CAREC）等現有多邊合作機製作用，相關國家加強溝通，讓更多國家和地區參與“一帶一路”建設。
一帶一路的合作方向
絲綢之路經濟帶：重點暢通中國經中亞、俄羅斯至歐洲(波羅的海)；中國經中亞、西亞至波斯灣、地中海；中國至東南亞、南亞、印度洋。絲綢之路經濟帶重點暢通中國經中亞、俄羅斯至歐洲（波羅的海）；中國經中亞、西亞至波斯灣、地中海；中國至東南亞、南亞、印度洋。
21世紀海上絲綢之路：重點方向是從中國沿海港口過南海到印度洋，延伸至歐洲；從中國沿海港口過南海到南太平洋。
中國提出的“一帶一路”倡議得到沿線國家積極回應，已成為兼顧各方利益、反映各方訴求的共同願望。中國正與“一帶一路”沿線國家一道，積極規劃中蒙俄、新亞歐大陸橋、中國—中亞—西亞、中國—中南半島、中巴、孟中印緬六大經濟走廊建設。亞洲基礎設施投資銀行和絲路基金將為亞歐互聯互通產業合作提供有力的資金支持。“一帶一路”和互聯互通相融相近、相輔相成，亞歐互聯互通產業合作前景光明。
一帶一路65國
“一帶一路”涵蓋65個核心國家，覆蓋面積約5539km2，約占全球總面積的41.3%；惠及46.7億人口，約占全球總人口的66.9%；區域經濟總量達27.4萬億美元，占據全球經濟總量的38.2%。“一帶一路”區域經濟發展存在兩段高中間地的空間格局，東亞、歐洲經濟發展勢頭較好，而中亞、中東地區經濟增長相對緩慢；產業分工協作不合理，但是彼此間具有與較強的互補性。“一帶一路”涉及的65國中發展中國家居多，基礎設施建設水平普遍較差，提升空間巨大。很多國家缺水、缺電、缺道路，他們之間交往不夠順暢，發展差距很大。
新亞歐大陸橋經濟走廊：
阿爾巴尼亞 亞塞拜然 愛沙尼亞 白俄羅斯 保加利亞 波黑 波蘭 喬治亞 哈薩克 黑山 捷克克羅埃西亞拉脫維亞立陶宛羅馬尼亞馬其頓摩爾多瓦塞爾維亞斯洛伐克斯洛維尼亞烏克蘭匈牙利亞美尼亞中國
中伊土經濟走廊：
阿富汗 阿聯酋 阿曼 埃及 巴勒斯坦 巴林 吉爾吉斯斯坦 卡達 科威特 黎巴嫩 沙烏地阿拉伯 塔吉克土耳其土庫曼烏茲別克敘利亞葉門伊拉克伊朗以色列約旦
中新經濟走廊：
東帝汶 菲律賓 柬埔寨 寮國 馬來西亞 泰國 汶萊 新加坡 印尼越南
孟中印緬經濟走廊：
不丹 馬爾地夫 孟加拉國 緬甸 尼泊爾 斯裡蘭卡 印度
中巴經濟走廊：
巴基斯坦
中蒙俄經濟走廊：
俄羅斯 蒙古
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一帶一路18省份名單及功能定位
一帶一路18省份名單及功能定位
西北、東北地區
新疆：打造絲綢之路經濟帶核心區。
陝西：打造西安內陸型改革開放新高地。
寧夏：推進寧夏內陸開放型經濟試驗區建設。
甘肅、青海：加快蘭州、西寧開發開放。
內蒙古：發揮聯通俄蒙的區位優勢。
黑龍江：完善對俄鐵路通道和區域鐵路網。
黑龍江、吉林、遼寧：完善與俄遠東地區陸海聯運合作，推進構建北京-莫斯科歐亞高速運輸走廊，
建設向北開放的重要視窗。
建設向北開放的重要視窗。
西南地區
廣西：加快北部灣經濟區和珠江-西江經濟帶開放發展，構建面向東盟區域的國際通道，
打造西南、中南地區開放發展新的戰略支點。
打造西南、中南地區開放發展新的戰略支點。
雲南：推進與周邊國家的國際運輸通道建設，打造大湄公河次區域經濟合作新高地，建設成為面向南亞、
東南亞的輻射中心。
東南亞的輻射中心。
西藏：推進與尼泊爾等國家邊境貿易和旅游文化合作。
內陸地區
重慶：打造重慶西部開發開放重要支撐。
成都、鄭州、武漢、長沙、南昌、合肥：打造內陸開放型經濟高地。
鄭州、西安：支持建設航空港、國際陸港，加強內陸口岸與沿海、沿邊口岸通關合作，
開展跨境貿易電子商務服務試點。
開展跨境貿易電子商務服務試點。
沿海和港澳臺地區
上海：加快推進上海自貿區建設。
福建：支持建設21世紀海上絲綢之路核心區。推進福建海峽藍色經濟試驗區建設。
浙江：推進浙江海洋經濟發展示範區建設、舟山群島新區建設。
海南：加大國際旅游島開發開放力度。
港澳：積极參与和助力“一帶一路”建設。
一帶一路與亞投行
亞投行成立背景
亞洲經濟占全球經濟總量的1/3，是當今世界上最具經濟活力和增長潛力的地區，擁有全球六成人口。但因建設資金有限，一些國家與地區的鐵路、公路、橋樑、港口、機場和通訊等基礎設施嚴重不足，這在一定程度上限制了該區域的經濟發展。
根據亞洲開發銀行估計，2010年至2020年的10年間，亞洲國家與地區要想維持現有經濟增長水準，內部基礎設施的投資至少需要8兆美元，平均每年需投資8000億美元。8兆美元中，68%用於新增基礎設施的投資，32%是維護或維修現有基礎設施的所需資金。現有的多邊機構並不能提供如此巨額的資金，亞洲開發銀行的總資金約為1600億美元，世界銀行也僅有2230億美元，目前，兩家銀行每年能夠提供給亞洲國家與地區的資金只有約200億美元。
亞投行
亞投行，是一個向亞洲各國家和地區政府提供資金以支持基礎設施建設之區域多邊開發機構，成立宗旨在促進亞洲區域內的互聯互通建設和經濟一體化進程，並且加強中華人民共和國及其他亞洲國家和地區的合作。總部設在中國北京，法定資本為1,000億美元。
亞洲基礎設施投資銀行（英語：Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank，縮寫為AIIB），簡稱亞投行
倡議:
中共中央總書記兼中國國家主席習近平於2013年10月2日在雅加達與時任印尼總統蘇西洛舉行會談時首次倡議籌建亞投行，中國國務院總理李克強同月出訪東南亞時，也向東南亞國家提出相關倡議。2014年10月24日，中華人民共和國、印度、新加坡等21國在北京正式簽署《籌建亞投行備忘錄》，印尼因政府換屆，於2014年11月25日簽署備忘錄，成為第22個意向創始成員國
在2015年3月12日，因英國率先報名加入亞投行的意向創始成員國，成為首個歐洲國家、西方國家，更是政經大國。次日瑞士也提出申請意願，隨後，法國、義大利、德國等重量級國家也表態跟進。韓國、俄羅斯、巴西等域內國家和重要新興經濟體也在申請截止日期3月31日前相繼申請加入意向創始成員國。至此，全球五大洲均有國家參與。
根據籌建工作計劃，亞洲基礎設施投資銀行開業儀式暨理事會和董事會成立大會將於2016年1月16日至18日在北京舉行，
2016年1月16日至18日，亞洲基礎設施投資銀行的開業儀式在北京舉行，
中國財政部部長樓繼偉被選舉為首屆理事會主席
2013年10月2日，中華人民共和國主席習近平在雅加達與時任印尼總統蘇西洛舉行會談，習近平倡議籌建亞洲基礎設施投資銀行，促進本地區互聯互通建設和經濟一體化進程，向包括東南亞國家協會在內的本地區發展中國家的基礎設施建設提供資金。新的亞投行將同現有多邊開發銀行合作，相互補充，共同促進亞洲經濟持續穩定發展。蘇西洛對中國倡議籌建亞投行作出了積極回應[9]。同月，中華人民共和國國務院總理李克強出訪東南亞時，緊接著再提出籌建亞投行的倡議[10]。
籌建過程
2014年4月10日，博鰲亞洲論壇2014年年會開幕式上，李克強指出中方正爭取早日成立基礎設施投資銀行[25]。其後由中國國際金融有限公司（中金公司）董事長金立群擔任亞洲基礎設施投資銀行籌備組組長[26]。各意向創始成員國加入日期，
。
2015年4月15日，亞投行意向創始成員國確定為57個，其中域內國家37個、域外國家20個。東南亞國家協會（東協）10國全數加入，擁有28個成員國的歐洲聯盟（歐盟）有14國加入，20國集團（G20）中也有14國加入，而金磚5國則全部躋身首發陣容，其他國家和地區今後仍可以作為普通成員加入。各國將於2015年年中完成亞投行章程談判並簽署，年底前完成章程生效程序，正式成立亞洲基礎設施投資銀行
《籌建亞投行備忘錄》簽署
2014年10月24日，中華人民共和國、孟加拉、汶萊、柬埔寨、印度、哈薩克、科威特、寮國、馬來西亞、蒙古國、緬甸、尼泊爾、阿曼、巴基斯坦、菲律賓、卡達、新加坡、斯里蘭卡、泰國、烏茲別克和越南等21國在北京正式簽署《籌建亞投行備忘錄》。印尼政府派代表出席，但因政府換屆、政策搖擺，延遲至11月25日在雅加達簽署該備忘錄，成為亞投行第22個意向創始成員國。各國預計在2015年內完成章程談判和簽署工作，使亞投行在2015年底前投入運作。
